Levels and trends of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. from chicken in the UK
The acknowledgements, liability statement and abbreviations for the levels and trends of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. from chicken in the UK report.
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Liability statement
This report has been produced by the UK Health Security Agency (the UKHSA) under a Memorandum of Understanding placed between the Food Standards Agency (the FSA) and UKHSA. The views expressed herein are not necessarily those of the FSA. UKHSA warrants that all reasonable skill and care has been used in preparing this report. Notwithstanding this warranty, the UKHSA shall not be under any liability for loss of profit, business, revenues or any special indirect or consequential damage of any nature whatsoever or loss of anticipated saving or for any increased costs sustained by the client or his or her servants or agents arising in any way whether directly or indirectly as a result of reliance on this report or of any error or defect in this report.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the following people:
- All staff who was involved in the successful delivery of this project from the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) and UKHSA through the data collection and analysis
- The Department of the Environment and Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) for support and funding for data collection
- Colleagues in UKHSA reference laboratory at Colindale for whole-genome-sequencing derived data.
- The FSA for funding this work
Abbreviations
Acronym | Definition of term |
---|---|
AMR | Antimicrobial resistance With terms used to describe the antimicrobial resistance levels according to EU zoonoses reports (EFSA, 2018), defined as: Rare: less than 0.1 % Very low: 0.1 % to 1.0 % Low: more than 1.0 % to 10.0 % Moderate: more than 10.0 % to 20.0 % High: more than 20.0 % to 50.0 % Very high: more than 50.0 % to 70.0 % Extremely high: more than 70.0 % |
BPC | British Poultry Council |
Broiler | Chicken reared for meat |
ºC | Degrees Celsius |
GBRU | Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference unit |
Cfu | Colony forming units |
CI | Confidence Interval |
CIP | Ciprofloxacin |
ECOFF | Epidemiological Cut Off value (with respect to antimicrobial resistance) |
ERY | Erythromycin |
EU | European Union |
FSA | Food Standards Agency |
FSS | Food Standards Scotland |
G | Gram |
GEN | Gentamicin |
HP-CIA | High Priority Critically Important Antibiotics |
H | Hours |
ISO | International Organisation for Standardisation |
L | Litre |
mCCDA | modified Charcoal Cefoperazone Deoxycholate Agar |
MIC | Minimum Inhibitory Concentration |
mg | Milligram |
NA | Not applicable |
NAL | Nalidixic Acid |
RUMA | Responsible use of medicines in Agriculture Alliance |
spp. | Species |
STR | Streptomycin |
TET | Tetracycline |
UKAS | United Kingdom Accreditation Service |
UKHSA | UK Healthy Security Agency (formerly Public Health England) |
WGS | Whole Genome Sequencing |
Revision log
Published: 28 September 2022
Last updated: 12 September 2023